Instruction
As the access point for information in the school, libraries are in a prime position to become “de facto media hubs” that help “students harness the endless stream of content available online” (Millhaldis & Diggs, 2010, p. 286). Librarians, serving as teachers and information professionals, are in a position to transform their spaces and instruction around teaching students to deconstruct the messages they see through mass media. The library can serve as an “extension of the newsroom” by encouraging students to engage in critical media usage and production (Nijboer & Hammelburg, 2010, p. 9),
Resources
Millhaldis, P., & Diggs, V. (2010). From information reserve to media literacy learning commons: Revisiting the 21st century library as the home for media literacy education. Public Library Quarterly 29(4), 279-292.
Nijboer, J. & Hammelburg, E. (2010). Extending media literacy: A new direction for libraries. New Library World 111(1), 36-45.
The Library as a Hub for Media Literacy Instruction
Authentic Experiences
For librarians, it is important to remember that media literacy must go beyond providing students access to technology, but engaging with it to promote critical thinking and creativity. Kenner and Rivera (2007) recommend that librarians create a curriculum that is as authentic as possible. For example, librarians should provide both positive and negative examples of media in a wide variety of formats in order to deconstruct media. Lessons should be designed with a combination of videos clips, discussion, music, and pictures, in order to allow for detailed analysis of many types of media (p. 59). Authentic experiences can also include students creating their own media, including music, journalistic reports, videos, advertisements, and radio programs.
Teaching students media literacy skills allows them to engage in authentic learning experiences that will equip them for the media they will encounter in their real lives. By showing students examples of product placement, persuasion, and facts versus opinions, librarians can teach students to be savvy-media consumers. For example, the Question It! Media Moguls Literacy Project (2014) allowed elementary- and middle-school students to explore real pieces of marketing and advertisements, which they then explored by producing their own media productions.
Resources
Kenner, A., & Rivera, S. (2007). Media Literacy: Good News. Knowledge Quest, 35(3), 58-60.
Question It! Media Moguls Literacy Project. (2014). Retrieved from https://questionit.wikispaces.com/
Collaboration
Promoting Active Citizenship
Exploring informational texts is one of the foundations of the Common Core State Standards; thus, it is important that librarians expose students to a wide variety of news sources, including newspapers, magazines, and television clips, with different viewpoints. Incorporating a current events assignment into the curriculum is one way of teaching students media literacy skills through exposure to important happenings worldwide. This can also involve students creating their own journalism projects.
One of the most extreme examples of this are the partisan campaign messages that are commonplace during election season. Students can research campaign financing, different news outlets reporting on the same event, and create displays or brochures about current issues in order to understand how to decipher media messages around this subject (Fredrick, 2012, p. 26).
Resources
Fredrick, K. F. (2012). Online Election Resources for Students and Colleagues. School Library Monthly, 29(1), 24-26.
Media literacy is best taught to students when educators collaborate across disciplines. School librarians are in a particularly good position to collaborate with general educators on media literacy subjects because of the information and resources they have at their disposal. Reaching out and surveying teachers to determine what resources they currently or may need, as well as knowledge about what standards media literacy can align with, are ways to foster the development of collaborative lessons on media literacy (Baker, 2004, p. 51). Hobbs (2011) suggests that school librarians can also support students’ media literacy skills by collaborating with local programs, professional stakeholders, and the business community (p. 17).
Resources
Baker, F. (2004). Celebrating National Literacy Month: Media Literacy. School Library Monthly, 21(1), 50-51.
Hobbs, R. (2011). Keynote: Empowering learners with digital and media literacy. Knowledge Quest, 39(5), 13-17.
An Interactive Pathfinder
for School Librarians and Education Professionals